xtc/src/backend/jack_backend.c

#include "xtc/xtc_backend.h"
#include "xtc/xtc_realtime.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#ifdef XTC_HAVE_JACK
#include <jack/jack.h>
#include <jack/midiport.h>
#include <errno.h>

struct xtc_backend {
    jack_client_t *client;
    jack_port_t *input, *output, *midi_input;
    xtc_realtime *engine;
    xtc_audio_plan *audio;
    xtc_midi_plan *midi;
    unsigned int panic_requested, panic_seen, midi_dropped;
    xtc_recorder *recorder; /* Borrowed, installed while callbacks quiescent. */
    float *timeline, *instrument;
    size_t max_frames;
    uint64_t sample_position;
    unsigned int expected_rate;
    unsigned int rate, frames, lost, rate_changed, xruns;
    unsigned int process_result;
    int ready, running; /* Control thread only. */
};

static xtc_result render_midi(xtc_backend *backend, uint64_t position, jack_nframes_t frames)
{
    xtc_midi_event events[XTC_MIDI_MAX_EVENTS];
    size_t count = 0;
    uint32_t i, total;
    unsigned int requested = __atomic_load_n(&backend->panic_requested, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
    void *buffer;
    if (!backend->midi) return XTC_OK;
    if (requested != backend->panic_seen) {
        xtc_midi_plan_panic(backend->midi, position); backend->panic_seen = requested;
    }
    buffer = jack_port_get_buffer(backend->midi_input, frames);
    total = buffer ? jack_midi_get_event_count(buffer) : 0;
    if (!buffer || total > XTC_MIDI_MAX_EVENTS) {
        (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->midi_dropped, total ? total : 1U, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
        xtc_midi_plan_panic(backend->midi, position);
    } else for (i = 0; i < total; ++i) {
        jack_midi_event_t raw;
        xtc_result result;
        if (jack_midi_event_get(&raw, buffer, i) != 0 || raw.time >= frames) {
            (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->midi_dropped, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
            xtc_midi_plan_panic(backend->midi, position); count = 0; break;
        }
        result = xtc_midi_decode(raw.buffer, raw.size, (unsigned int)raw.time, events + count);
        if (result == XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED) continue;
        if (result != XTC_OK || (count && events[count].offset < events[count - 1].offset)) {
            (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->midi_dropped, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
            xtc_midi_plan_panic(backend->midi, position); count = 0; break;
        }
        ++count;
    }
    return xtc_midi_plan_render(backend->midi, position, events, count, backend->instrument, (size_t)frames);
}
static int process(jack_nframes_t frames, void *context)
{
    xtc_backend *backend = context;
    float *output = jack_port_get_buffer(backend->output, frames);
    xtc_result result = XTC_OK;
    if (output == NULL) {
        (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->panic_requested, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELEASE);
        if (backend->recorder) xtc_recorder_push(backend->recorder, NULL, 1U);
        __atomic_store_n(&backend->process_result, (unsigned int)XTC_ERR_IO, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
        return 0;
    }
    if (__atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE) ||
        __atomic_load_n(&backend->rate_changed, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)) {
        result = XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    } else if ((size_t)frames > backend->max_frames) {
        result = XTC_ERR_CAPACITY;
    } else {
        const float *input = jack_port_get_buffer(backend->input, frames);
        uint64_t position = __atomic_load_n(&backend->sample_position, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
        if (backend->recorder) xtc_recorder_push(backend->recorder, input, (size_t)frames);
        if (backend->audio)
            result = xtc_audio_plan_render(backend->audio, position, backend->timeline, (size_t)frames);
        if (result == XTC_OK) result = render_midi(backend, position, frames);
        if (result == XTC_OK)
            result = xtc_realtime_process_sources(backend->engine, input,
                backend->audio ? backend->timeline : NULL,
                backend->midi ? backend->instrument : NULL, output, (size_t)frames);
    }
    if (result == XTC_OK) {
        uint64_t position = __atomic_load_n(&backend->sample_position, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
        if (position > UINT64_MAX - frames) result = XTC_ERR_CAPACITY;
        else __atomic_store_n(&backend->sample_position, position + frames, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    }
    if (result != XTC_OK) {
        (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->panic_requested, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELEASE);
        if (backend->recorder) xtc_recorder_push(backend->recorder, NULL, 1U);
        memset(output, 0, (size_t)frames * sizeof(*output));
    }
    __atomic_store_n(&backend->process_result, (unsigned int)result, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    return 0; /* Keep connected and silent on recoverable processing errors. */
}
static void shutdown_callback(void *context)
{
    xtc_backend *backend = context;
    __atomic_store_n(&backend->lost, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELEASE);
}
static void port_connection(jack_port_id_t source, jack_port_id_t destination, int connected, void *context)
{
    xtc_backend *backend = context;
    if (!connected && (jack_port_by_id(backend->client, source) == backend->midi_input ||
        jack_port_by_id(backend->client, destination) == backend->midi_input))
        (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->panic_requested, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELEASE);
}
static int rate_callback(jack_nframes_t rate, void *context)
{
    xtc_backend *backend = context;
    __atomic_store_n(&backend->rate, (unsigned int)rate, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    if ((unsigned int)rate != backend->expected_rate)
        __atomic_store_n(&backend->rate_changed, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELEASE);
    return 0;
}
static int buffer_callback(jack_nframes_t frames, void *context)
{
    xtc_backend *backend = context;
    __atomic_store_n(&backend->frames, (unsigned int)frames, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    return 0;
}
static int xrun_callback(void *context)
{
    xtc_backend *backend = context;
    (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->xruns, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->panic_requested, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELEASE);
    return 0;
}

xtc_result xtc_backend_open(const xtc_backend_config *config, xtc_backend **out_backend)
{
    xtc_backend *backend;
    xtc_result result;
    jack_status_t status = 0;
    if (out_backend == NULL) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    *out_backend = NULL;
    if (config == NULL || config->client_name == NULL || config->client_name[0] == '\0' ||
        config->max_frames == 0U || config->max_frames > 65536U || config->channel_count != 1U)
        return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!__atomic_always_lock_free(sizeof(uint64_t), 0)) return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
    if (config->kind != XTC_BACKEND_JACK) return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
    if (strlen(config->client_name) >= (size_t)jack_client_name_size()) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    backend = calloc(1U, sizeof(*backend));
    if (backend == NULL) return XTC_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    backend->timeline = calloc(config->max_frames, sizeof(float));
    backend->instrument = calloc(config->max_frames, sizeof(float));
    if (!backend->timeline || !backend->instrument) {
        free(backend->timeline); free(backend->instrument); free(backend); return XTC_ERR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    }
    backend->max_frames = config->max_frames;
    backend->client = jack_client_open(config->client_name, JackNoStartServer, &status);
    if (backend->client == NULL) { free(backend->instrument); free(backend->timeline); free(backend); return XTC_ERR_IO; }
    backend->expected_rate = (unsigned int)jack_get_sample_rate(backend->client);
    backend->rate = backend->expected_rate;
    backend->frames = (unsigned int)jack_get_buffer_size(backend->client);
    result = backend->frames == 0U || backend->frames > config->max_frames ? XTC_ERR_CAPACITY :
        xtc_realtime_create((double)backend->rate, config->max_frames, &backend->engine);
    if (result != XTC_OK) goto fail;
    backend->input = jack_port_register(backend->client, "input", JACK_DEFAULT_AUDIO_TYPE, JackPortIsInput, 0U);
    backend->output = jack_port_register(backend->client, "output", JACK_DEFAULT_AUDIO_TYPE, JackPortIsOutput, 0U);
    backend->midi_input = jack_port_register(backend->client, "midi_in", JACK_DEFAULT_MIDI_TYPE, JackPortIsInput, 0U);
    if (backend->input == NULL || backend->output == NULL || backend->midi_input == NULL) { result = XTC_ERR_IO; goto fail; }
    if (jack_set_port_connect_callback(backend->client, port_connection, backend) != 0 ||
        jack_set_process_callback(backend->client, process, backend) != 0 ||
        jack_set_sample_rate_callback(backend->client, rate_callback, backend) != 0 ||
        jack_set_buffer_size_callback(backend->client, buffer_callback, backend) != 0 ||
        jack_set_xrun_callback(backend->client, xrun_callback, backend) != 0) {
        result = XTC_ERR_IO;
        goto fail;
    }
    jack_on_shutdown(backend->client, shutdown_callback, backend);
    backend->ready = 1;
    *out_backend = backend;
    return XTC_OK;
fail:
    /* Client never activated: no processing callback can reference the engine.
     * close synchronizes any registered notification callbacks. */
    if (jack_client_close(backend->client) != 0) {
        *out_backend = backend; /* Preserve callback context for close retry. */
        return XTC_ERR_IO;
    }
    xtc_realtime_destroy(backend->engine);
    xtc_audio_plan_destroy(backend->audio);
    xtc_midi_plan_destroy(backend->midi);
    free(backend->instrument);
    free(backend->timeline);
    free(backend);
    return result;
}

xtc_result xtc_backend_close(xtc_backend *backend)
{
    if (backend == NULL) return XTC_OK;
    /* JACK removes this client and joins callbacks before returning success. */
    if (jack_client_close(backend->client) != 0) return XTC_ERR_IO;
    xtc_realtime_destroy(backend->engine);
    xtc_audio_plan_destroy(backend->audio);
    xtc_midi_plan_destroy(backend->midi);
    free(backend->instrument);
    free(backend->timeline);
    free(backend);
    return XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_start(xtc_backend *backend)
{
    if (backend == NULL) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    if (__atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE) ||
        __atomic_load_n(&backend->rate_changed, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    if (backend->running) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    xtc_midi_plan_reset(backend->midi);
    backend->panic_seen = __atomic_load_n(&backend->panic_requested, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
    if (jack_activate(backend->client) != 0) return XTC_ERR_IO;
    backend->running = 1;
    return XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_stop(xtc_backend *backend)
{
    if (backend == NULL) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    if (!backend->running) { xtc_midi_plan_reset(backend->midi); return XTC_OK; }
    if (jack_deactivate(backend->client) != 0) return XTC_ERR_IO;
    backend->running = 0;
    xtc_midi_plan_reset(backend->midi);
    xtc_realtime_collect(backend->engine);
    return XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_seek(xtc_backend *backend, uint64_t sample)
{
    if (backend == NULL || sample > UINT64_MAX - 65536U) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready || backend->running ||
        __atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE) ||
        __atomic_load_n(&backend->rate_changed, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    xtc_midi_plan_reset(backend->midi);
    __atomic_store_n(&backend->sample_position, sample, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    return XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_submit(xtc_backend *backend, const xtc_graph *graph)
{
    if (backend == NULL) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    if (__atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE) ||
        __atomic_load_n(&backend->rate_changed, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    if (!backend->running) {
        xtc_realtime *replacement = NULL;
        xtc_result result = xtc_realtime_create((double)backend->expected_rate, backend->max_frames, &replacement);
        if (result != XTC_OK) return result;
        result = xtc_realtime_submit(replacement, graph);
        if (result != XTC_OK) { xtc_realtime_destroy(replacement); return result; }
        /* Inactive client, or successful deactivate: process callback quiescent.
         * Notifications never access engine. Preserve old engine until ready. */
        xtc_realtime_destroy(backend->engine);
        backend->engine = replacement;
        __atomic_store_n(&backend->process_result, (unsigned int)XTC_OK, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
        return XTC_OK;
    }
    return xtc_realtime_submit(backend->engine, graph);
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_prepare_project(xtc_backend *backend, const xtc_project *project)
{
    xtc_audio_plan *candidate = NULL;
    xtc_midi_plan *midi = NULL;
    xtc_result result;
    if (!backend || !project) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready || backend->running) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    result = xtc_audio_plan_create(project, backend->expected_rate, &candidate);
    if (result == XTC_OK) result = xtc_midi_plan_create(project, backend->expected_rate, &midi);
    if (result == XTC_OK) result = xtc_backend_submit(backend, xtc_project_graph(project));
    if (result != XTC_OK) { xtc_audio_plan_destroy(candidate); xtc_midi_plan_destroy(midi); return result; }
    xtc_audio_plan_destroy(backend->audio); backend->audio = candidate;
    xtc_midi_plan_destroy(backend->midi); backend->midi = midi;
    return XTC_OK;
}
const char *xtc_backend_asset_issue(const xtc_backend *backend)
{
    const char *path = "";
    if (backend) xtc_audio_plan_issues(backend->audio, &path);
    return path;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_set_recorder(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_recorder *recorder)
{
    if (!backend) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready || backend->running) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    if (recorder && (__atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE) ||
        __atomic_load_n(&backend->rate_changed, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE))) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    backend->recorder = recorder;
    return XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_panic(xtc_backend *backend)
{
    if (!backend) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    (void)__atomic_fetch_add(&backend->panic_requested, 1U, __ATOMIC_RELEASE);
    if (!backend->running) xtc_midi_plan_reset(backend->midi);
    return XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_midi_port_name(const xtc_backend *backend, const char **out)
{
    if (!backend || !out) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    *out = jack_port_name(backend->midi_input); return XTC_OK;
}
void xtc_backend_collect(xtc_backend *backend)
{ if (backend != NULL) xtc_realtime_collect(backend->engine); }
xtc_result xtc_backend_get_status(const xtc_backend *backend, xtc_backend_status *out_status)
{
    xtc_realtime_status engine_status;
    if (backend == NULL || out_status == NULL) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    (void)xtc_realtime_get_status(backend->engine, &engine_status);
    out_status->midi_dropped = __atomic_load_n(&backend->midi_dropped, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    out_status->asset_issues = (unsigned int)xtc_audio_plan_issues(backend->audio, NULL);
    out_status->sample_rate = __atomic_load_n(&backend->rate, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    out_status->buffer_frames = __atomic_load_n(&backend->frames, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    out_status->xruns = __atomic_load_n(&backend->xruns, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    out_status->server_lost = (int)__atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
    out_status->sample_rate_changed = (int)__atomic_load_n(&backend->rate_changed, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE);
    out_status->running = backend->running && !out_status->server_lost;
    out_status->sample_position = __atomic_load_n(&backend->sample_position, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    out_status->processed_blocks = engine_status.processed_blocks;
    out_status->submitted_revision = engine_status.submitted_revision;
    out_status->active_revision = engine_status.active_revision;
    out_status->process_result = (xtc_result)__atomic_load_n(&backend->process_result, __ATOMIC_RELAXED);
    return XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_port_name(const xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction,
                                const char **out_name)
{
    if (backend == NULL || out_name == NULL ||
        (direction != XTC_PORT_INPUT && direction != XTC_PORT_OUTPUT)) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready || __atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    *out_name = jack_port_name(direction == XTC_PORT_INPUT ? backend->input : backend->output);
    return *out_name == NULL ? XTC_ERR_IO : XTC_OK;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_visit_ports(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction,
                                  xtc_backend_port_visitor visitor, void *context)
{
    const char **ports;
    size_t i;
    if (backend == NULL || visitor == NULL ||
        (direction != XTC_PORT_INPUT && direction != XTC_PORT_OUTPUT)) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    if (!backend->ready || __atomic_load_n(&backend->lost, __ATOMIC_ACQUIRE)) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    ports = jack_get_ports(backend->client, NULL, JACK_DEFAULT_AUDIO_TYPE,
        direction == XTC_PORT_INPUT ? JackPortIsInput : JackPortIsOutput);
    if (ports == NULL) return XTC_OK;
    for (i = 0U; ports[i] != NULL; ++i) if (visitor(ports[i], context) != 0) break;
    jack_free(ports);
    return XTC_OK;
}
static xtc_result route(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction,
                         const char *remote, int disconnect)
{
    const char *own = NULL;
    const char *source, *dest;
    xtc_result result;
    int code;
    if (remote == NULL || remote[0] == '\0') return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    result = xtc_backend_port_name(backend, direction, &own);
    if (result != XTC_OK) return result;
    if (!backend->running) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_STATE;
    source = direction == XTC_PORT_OUTPUT ? own : remote;
    dest = direction == XTC_PORT_OUTPUT ? remote : own;
    code = disconnect ? jack_disconnect(backend->client, source, dest) :
                        jack_connect(backend->client, source, dest);
    return code == 0 || (!disconnect && code == EEXIST) ? XTC_OK : XTC_ERR_IO;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_connect(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction, const char *remote)
{ return route(backend, direction, remote, 0); }
xtc_result xtc_backend_disconnect(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction, const char *remote)
{ return route(backend, direction, remote, 1); }

#else
xtc_result xtc_backend_panic(xtc_backend *backend)
{ (void)backend; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_midi_port_name(const xtc_backend *backend, const char **out)
{ (void)backend; (void)out; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_prepare_project(xtc_backend *backend, const xtc_project *project)
{ (void)backend; (void)project; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
const char *xtc_backend_asset_issue(const xtc_backend *backend)
{ (void)backend; return ""; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_set_recorder(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_recorder *recorder)
{ (void)backend; (void)recorder; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_seek(xtc_backend *backend, uint64_t sample)
{ (void)backend; (void)sample; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
/* Keep core/offline builds available on machines without JACK headers. */
xtc_result xtc_backend_open(const xtc_backend_config *config, xtc_backend **out_backend)
{
    if (out_backend == NULL) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    *out_backend = NULL;
    if (config == NULL) return XTC_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
    return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
}
xtc_result xtc_backend_close(xtc_backend *backend)
{ return backend == NULL ? XTC_OK : XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_start(xtc_backend *backend)
{ (void)backend; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_stop(xtc_backend *backend)
{ (void)backend; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_submit(xtc_backend *backend, const xtc_graph *graph)
{ (void)backend; (void)graph; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
void xtc_backend_collect(xtc_backend *backend) { (void)backend; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_get_status(const xtc_backend *backend, xtc_backend_status *out_status)
{ (void)backend; (void)out_status; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_port_name(const xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction, const char **out_name)
{ (void)backend; (void)direction; (void)out_name; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_visit_ports(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction,
                                  xtc_backend_port_visitor visitor, void *context)
{ (void)backend; (void)direction; (void)visitor; (void)context; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_connect(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction, const char *remote)
{ (void)backend; (void)direction; (void)remote; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
xtc_result xtc_backend_disconnect(xtc_backend *backend, xtc_port_direction direction, const char *remote)
{ (void)backend; (void)direction; (void)remote; return XTC_ERR_UNSUPPORTED; }
#endif